Short-Term vs. Long-Term Capital Gains (2026)

Updated June 12, 2026 · PayCalc Editorial

How much tax you pay on an investment gain depends mostly on one thing: how long you held it. Here is the 2026 difference between short- and long-term capital gains.

Short-term gains (held one year or less)

Short-term gains are taxed as ordinary income — the same 10%–37% brackets as your salary. There is no tax break for selling quickly.

Long-term gains (held more than one year)

Long-term gains get preferential rates of 0%, 15% or 20%, based on your total taxable income. For a single filer in 2026, long-term gains are taxed at 0% while taxable income stays under about $49,350, 15% up to roughly $546,250, and 20% above that.

Estimate either type with the capital gains tax calculator.

The simplest way to pay less

Hold investments for more than a year before selling. The jump from ordinary rates to the long-term rates can cut your bill sharply — for example a 22% short-term rate versus 15% long-term on the same gain.

One more tax to know

High earners may also owe the 3.8% Net Investment Income Tax on investment income above $200,000 (single) or $250,000 (married filing jointly).

Frequently Asked Questions

How long must I hold an asset for long-term capital gains?

More than one year. Held one year or less, the gain is short-term and taxed as ordinary income.

What is the 3.8% net investment income tax?

An extra 3.8% on investment income for singles with MAGI over $200,000 ($250,000 married filing jointly).